BOH Tea And Consumer Behavior

BOH Tea And Consumer Behavior BOH Plantation Sdn Bhd was found by John Archibald Russell in the year 1929, together with A.B. Milne, a veteran in tea planting from Ceylon they succeeded in obtaining a concession of land in Cameron Highland in order to start the tea plantation business. Together the duo transforms steep jungles slopes into a tea garden known as BOH Plantations, which is the 1st highland tea garden in the country. BOH Plantations business begins to bloom and currently is the leading tea grower in the country. The plantation expanded and owns four tea gardens, of which three is located 5000 ft above sea level and is situated in Cameron Highlands, and the fourth is centralizing in Bukit Cheeding, Selangor. Collectively, the gardens size in total is 1200ha. BOH Plantation has been firmly entrenched that most Malaysia drinks BOH tea moe re than any other brand. BOH tea are available in 3 different forms ( tea packets, tea bags, tea dust). The company currently produces 4 million kg of tea in a year. Malaysian consumes 10million kg of tea which makes BOH tea largest producer locally of black tea, in terms of cuppage, BOH tea produces about 5.5 million per day which almost meets 50% of tea consumption requirement in the country. The success story of BOH Plantation continues to be Malaysias leading brand in tea and is also exporting to Brunei, Japan, Singapore, United Arab Emirates and also the US. Consumer Decision Process BOH tea Consumer Decision Process is basically known as a cognitive process. Consumer is aware of a need or wants and search for possible ways to satisfy it. Awareness of consumer is not an automatic process; it is actually selective external procedure. Example, consumers are expose to thousands of messages that persuades them from advertising, political organization, religious groups , food products and many more other resources. This mass information that seeks out consumer attention then filtered out by individual in order to make the decision in buying a product. In order for a consumer to purchase a product, he or she has to go through the 5 stages of consumer decision process. These 5 stages of consumer decision making process are very important for consumer to make an accurate decision in satisfying their needs and wants. The stages flow in sequence beginning with problem recognition and ending with post-purchase evaluation. The 5 stages are as graph above: Problem Recognition Information Search Evaluation and Selection of Alternatives Decision Implementation Post-purchase Evaluation Problem Recognition The consumer decision process begins when a consumer is aware of satisfying their needs or wants. Example, Jason might need a new football shoe to replace the old depreciated one or Sarah need s a new computer to replace the her old want which is not performing as well as it was before. These kind of problem shows that consumer have recognized and identify their problem such as actual state and desired state. BOH tea inspires the consumer by tackling the health benefits of drinking tea and how BOH provides quality and innovative tea products. For the past decade, health benefits have caught the attention of the wide coverage of media. Numerous studies have shown that the antioxidant polyphenols of tea has the anti-cancer properties and also able to reduce the risk of gastric, and also skin cancer. This health benefits has increase the demand of tea in the market. Prevention is better than cure; this statement has drive consumers to seek for solution in reducing the chance of getting sick and that is mainly the problem face by consumer. This is where tea becomes the problem solver. This is where BOH tea as Malaysian leading brand provides with high quality tea that satisfies and produce a healthier lifestyle for the consumer in Malaysia. Tea may protect cancer caused by smoking Tea drinker has lower blood pressure Green, Black and Oolong tea Tea can lower cholesterol level and protect against heart diseases Tea believed to boost the bodys defense system Health benefits from consuming tea (http://www.2basnob.com/health-benefits-of-tea.html) Information Research When consumers identify a problem, they will find ways to solve the problems. Example, Sarah would pay more attention to product information of a personal computer. She will be more aware and attentive towards computer advertisement, friends choice of computer brand, and online information regarding different brand of computer. In the process of gathering this information , Sarah as a consumer will began to learn more about the brands of computers that compete in the market and their features and characteristic that satisfy the needs and wants of various consumer. However, awareness itself is not strong enough to guarantee the continuation of process decision making, unless he or she believes that there is a solution to solve their problem. If high level of involvement is engagement, consumer will advance to seek more resources regarding the product that they want. Internal and external search take place within consumer memory system. In the case of BOH tea, since it is the leading t ea brand in Malaysia it is important to strengthen the brands leadership by capturing the attention of consumer through innovative tea products. BOH tea has to provide extensive information about their quality and innovative tea products, in order for consumer to obtain knowledge of their tea easily Internal Research Internal research is an attempt to seek information in the form of pre-existing knowledge such as attitudes and beliefs of the problem. However, if the problem is new to the consumer, then it is inadequate to make the decision making and external research is a necessity. This research is not entirely resourceful because consumer might be unable to recall the reason of purchasing the product or opinion made during the consumption process. In order for BOH tea to leave a good impression, their catchy phrase ada Ummph which literally means more than words can describe kind of feeling to show the great quality of tea that is produce by BOH tea. This phrase will strongly register the brands name in the mind of consumer, so that the next time they want to purchase tea, BOH tea will be their 1st choice as the ada Ummph phrase shows that consumer will never regret in consuming their tea . External Research External research provides more resourceful information from organization, friends, families, society and many more. Consumer are willing to access for secondary information from online resources, advertisement, brochures and many more in order to provide them with the excess knowledge to purchase the computer of their choice. Tea drinker in Malaysia will not escape the attention of BOH tea, as their product can be obtained from most retail outlets. BOH tea has also promoted their tea in the form of newspaper advertisement, television commercial, and also campaigns. BOH tea promotes their tea with bonding with love ones by creating moments of togetherness with loved ones. This is to show that a cup of tea can unite everyone together without any restriction . All this information plays an important role in the mental processing of the mind which includes short term and long-term memory storage. Example, information gain regarding the personal computer will only be in Sarahs mind for a brief moment if it is not stored in the long -term storage. Once Sarah stores it in the long term storage, she will be able to recall the characteristic of the computers brands and make the decision making without it being lost in a minute. Three main operation takes place in the memory so that the information can be retrieve later on Rehearsal Mental repetition of product information. Example, BOH tea ade Ummph phrase remind consumer of their good quality of tea Encoding Information interprets which allows long-term storage. Example, consumer will register the types of tea products so that consumer can pick the choice that they like. Storage Information stored in long-term memory. Example, when it comes to tea consumption, Malaysian consumer will remember BOH tea, as the tea with high quality and creates bonding between family members. Graph below shows the choice that is choice that has to be made by Sarah after obtaining the desired information that is needed by her. Computer brands that is aware by Sarah. Example, Acer, Apple, Compaq, Dell, HP, Sony, and Toshiba Subset of computer brands that is aware by Sarah in the market Affordable and high performance brands will be Sarahs best choice of purchasing a computer. Example, Dell and Acer which is affordable and high performance With more information, only selective few strong candidates are remain Choice Set Sarah might make her decision on a Dell computer because it is cheaper and long lasting compared to Sony which is too expensive and unaffordable Brands that satisfy her buying criteria of a computer. Example, the price is affordable and high performance Evoke / Consideration set Awareness Set Evaluation and Selection of Alternatives The following step allows the consumer to evaluate the brands from the information that is obtained. However, there is no specific evaluation process is applied by all consumer in buying situation. Thus, consumers sees product as a bundle of attributes such as the need, benefits, and attributes in order to make the right decision that satisfy their needs and wants. This bundle of attributes is actually a products objective and subjective factors. Objective factor BOH tea provides high quality tea that provides health benefits Subjective factors Comparison of BOH Tea and Lipton tea, BOH tea being the outstanding as product is a national brand. It is also cheap and easily obtain. Purchase Decision Purchasing the brand BOH tea satisfies the entire spectrum of the non-alcoholic beverage in Malaysia and encourages tea to be consumed including, cold, instant, traditional or in any other form that is preferred by consumer. This satisfies the consumer by providing choice of tea consumption according to their taste This is the stage where consumer has decided which brand of product that he or she wants after a making comparison with all the availability of product brands. Consumer will then have to select 2 specific elements which is purchasing the brand choice and purchasing time. Purchasing Time Product can be purchase in most retail outlet in the form of packages. Consumer can also buy it in bundle during promotion period too. Post purchase evaluation In this stage the level of purchase involvement of consumer is very important, it is often known as the level of concern for or interest in the purchase and heavily depends on the extensive information that is seek by the consumer in making a purchase decision. Low purchase involvement process Example, suppose if a buyer buys a certain brand of product (e.g., BOH tea) as a matter of habit, this means the drink is a low purchase involvement situation and consumers do not have to evaluate and seek information extensively. This case consumer will simply buy and consume the product and generates a high level of repeating the same purchase of product. Graph above shows low involvement purchase process that takes place. The benefit of low purchase involvement process is BOH tea has become consumers loyal brand for tea consumption products as repeat purchase has been taking place from time to time. However, if the level of purchase is high and the consumer is involved in extensive decision making, consumer will be more likely to face a more elaborated post-purchase evaluation. High Purchase Involvement process This graph shows that there is a post-purchase dissonance where consumer are unable to commit to the decision of choosing the brand that they want and it will create anxiety among consumers as it is difficult to make alternatives choices. In order for consumer to reduce this dissonance, consumer has to make approaches such as to increase the desirability of the brand that they want to purchase and reject the desirability of rejected alternatives and also reject the negative data on brand purchased. If dissonance is not reduce, the anxiety experience may turn into a dissatisfaction and leads to a new problem. That is why high purchase involvement needs extensive research of information to reduce anxiety and increase the confidence level in purchasing the product they want. Consumer will stay loyal to BOH tea because the company is constantly doing research in order to satisfy the future consumer needs . Psychological Core BOH tea Attention Attention is a concept of cognitive psychology that helps us to actively process information present in our environment. Attention is an unconscious process where consumer can automatically scan the features of the environment surrounding them. Attention can be classified into 2 which are voluntary and involuntary. Selective attention is voluntary where relevant information is focused. Involuntary is orientation reflex where something surprising is put in front of a person and allocates the attention towards it. Selective Attention Selective attention is the study of why people pay attention towards things, and how deep is their attention towards things that they focus. Example, being in a classroom, or a busy highway, it is impossible for a person to note everything down. What a person pays attention is actually what they select to pay attention to, thus, selective attention is not entirely conscious. In order to capture the attention of consumer entirely, BOH tea pays attention towards animal and environmental conservation and have won numerous awards. Example, the companys packing facility in Bukit Cheeding has receive the ISO 9002 certification, this can further assured of quality tea every time consumer open up a packet of BOH tea. BOH also won the Super brand Excellence Trophy Award in Food Beverage category in 2004. Orientation reflex Orientation reflex is very important in capturing the attention of consumer. The aim of this involuntary action is to create stimuli that surprise the expectation of consumers. Example, BOH Tea is able to capture the attention of their consumer with their advertisement in television which focuses on family bonding where family members can socialize through a cup of tea. Health benefits offers by BOH tea also has direct their attention towards consumer automatically because they are aware the importance of health Perception Perception is a process that begins with consumer being exposed to information, attended to the information and ending with comprehending the information that is focus on. Perception consists of 5 major elements which is exposure stage, attention stage and comprehension stage. Exposure stage Beginning process of perception process where consumer is exposing to information in the environment that is observed by the human senses. Example, when we are driving on the freeway we are expose towards numerous commercial messages such as bill boards, radio advertisement, bumper- stickers on car, banners on shopping mall and many more . However, exposure towards surrounding is not enough to give a major impact towards consumers. BOH tea attracts consumer by promoting their products in television commercial, newspaper advertisement, BOH tea website, and also campaign. Example, BOH tea has done numerous televisions commercial by targeting the culture of tea regardless of religious or political options and also not to forget the moment of togetherness by the bonding of family members. However, this has allowed zapping and zipping away of television commercial to occur and consumer might miss the television commercial. This mean attention is needed to draw the attention of the people. Attention Stage The matter of degree that consumer pays attention towards something, this stage consumer will allocate processing capacity to a stimulus. Example, if we are driving on a freeway and we are running low on gas, our attention immediately becomes high towards signboards that say how far is the next petrol station, but low when commercial regarding shopping or movies on the billboards. However, our attention towards something can be instantly escalates from high to low when we are in need of something. Example, an advertisement for a product that we are interested is on television programs. In order to capture the attention of consumer, BOH tea has involve in animal and environmental conservation. One of their successful story is when BOH Plantation was the first tea company to be awarded ISO22000 certification , an international standard designed to ensure safe food supply chains worldwide. BOH has also strengthened the leadership of their brand by embarking on numerous marketing campaig ns. Example of a successful campaign the BOH Ummph! campaign, a tagline that is still remembered by young Malaysian right until today. This campaign has brought attention towards consumer as BOH focuses on family values. Interpretation stage The final stage of perception where consumer organize and interprets the information obtain from their environment. BOH tea comes in the mind of consumer when they hear or sees the Ada Ummph! phrase in advertisements. Memory 2 types of memory Short-term memory The decision is instantly made, and if without repetition information will be forgotten. Long-term memory Information that is repeated will be interpret and stored in the long-term memory, information can be use later on as it can be change to short-term memory for making decision. Consumer that remembers BOH tea can purchase it when tea supply is needed at home Purchase and consumption decision Consumer is very clear of the products that benefits or satisfies their need, and purchase process begins when consumer buys the product Nature of perception The graph above shows the nature of perception from exposure until purchase and consumption decision of consumers. Exposure provides opportunity for attention but not guarantee that is seen by consumer. Exposure can be then categorise into 2 element which is selective and voluntary. Selective exposure is where there is vast amount of information given but choices is up to consumers interest, and voluntary exposure is consumer is willing to accept the information as to satisfy purchase goal, and entertainment. Information provided by BOH Plantation may not be consumers interest, but it is their duty to attract consumer to consume their high quality tea. Attention is where the information is selected and focus by consumer and information is send to the sensory system to interpret that data. Interpretation of information begins when consumer allocates the information that is necessity for their purchase goals or objectives , the information is receive from the stimulus of the consumer. The information that is generated is then stored in the memory. Memory has two elements which is short term and long term. Short term memory is where the information is stored for a shorter period of time in order to make a instant decision and is forgotten quickly after that. Long term memory is where the information generated is stored for a longer period of time where consumer can make decision later on in time and does not have to be instant. Finally, the purchase and consumption stage, consumer will decide to buy the product once they have understand the criteria that satisfy their purchase goal . Motivation Motivation refers to an inner drive that reflects the goal of a person, which consist of the urge, wishes, or desire that allow them to strive to achieve the goals and aims that is set. The two motivational theories that is famously known to express the motivation of people are the: Maslows Hierachy of Needs W.J. McGuire psychological motives Maslows hierarchy of need is actually a theory to satisfy the human needs . In order to be at the peak of the hierarchy, a person has to satisfy the lower needs in order to achieve higher needs in the hierarchy. We will now study and go through each stage of Abraham Maslows Hierarchy of needs Basic needs/ Physiological needs Basic needs of human. Example, food, water, sex ,sleep, and also Exercise Safety needs Security, shelter, and normalcy in life Belongingness and love needs A persons affection and acceptance as part of family or group, intimate relationships and also friends Esteem or status Prestige, accomplishment , self respect, and the respect of others. Confident, appreciated and also the need of feel competent is also important Self actulisation The need to realise ones own potential, to achieve dreams and ambitions The next theory is McGuires Hierarchy of Needs, a very detailed set of motives to understand the specific aspects of consumer behavior. This theory consists of 4 major categories with 16 sub-categories which explain the behavior of consumer. The 2 criteria that satisfy the 4 main categories are as follow: Is the mode of motivation cognitive or affective? Is the motive focus on preservation of status or on growth ? Cognitive Preservation Motives Need for Consistency (active, internal) Need for Attribution (active, external) Need to Categorize (passive, internal) Need for Objectification (i.e., cues) (passive, external) Cognitive Growth Motives Need for Autonomy (i.e., Independence) (active, internal) Need for Stimulation (active, external) Teleological Need (i.e., desired outcomes or end states) (passive, internal) Utilitarian Need (i.e., problem solvers) (passive, external) Affective Preservation Motives: Need for Tension Reduction (active, internal) Need for Expression (active, external) Need for Ego Defense (passive, internal) Need for Reinforcement (passive, external) Affective Growth Motives: Need for Assertion (active, internal) Need for Affiliation (active, external) Need for Identification (passive, internal) Need for Modeling (passive, external) Learning Motives Motive arouses individual to respond and engage in learning activity. Goal that are achieved will reduce arousal but will have tendency to occur again. Marketer put product in a way that can satisfy the arousal of consumer Example, when a person is in need for tea consumption (motive) , BOH tea will provide the tea in many form for choices of consumer Reinforcement Tendency of motives to re-occur again in a similar situation. Elements of learning Response Physical activity in reaction towards stimulus, Example, the process of going to retail outlet to purchase tea Cues Provides direction, respond towards motive. Example, tea can be obtain in the retail outlets Cognitive Learning ( Thinking ) This learning process focuses on acquiring knowledge and skill is by mental, which is creating metal presentation of physical object and events in our heads. Individuals learn by listening, watching, touching, reading or experiencing then processing and remembering the information. We can conclude that this kind of learning emphasizes on the role of memory and thinking There are 3 types of learning process : Iconic role learning Interrelationship between two or more concepts without conditioning learning and without reasoning. Vicarious learning Behavior are formed by observing the outcomes of other behavior or imagining the outcome of potential behavior Analytical learning New information are updated when new theories or studies are formed. Behavioral Learning ( Conditioning) Classical conditioning A learning process between environmental stimulus and natural occurring stimulus. Unconditioned stimulus happens automatically, unconditionally and naturally triggers a response, Example, when you smell your favorites food you may immediately feel hungry. Smell of food is unconditioned stimulus. Unconditioned stimulus is the unlearned response that occurs naturally in respond towards unconditioned stimulus. Example, hungry in response the smell of food. Conditioned stimulus is the neutral stimulus that has no connection with the unconditioned stimulus. Conditioned response is learned from the neutral stimulus. Operant conditioning Learning method that occurs through punishment and rewards behavior. Example of operant conditioning can be seen around us, consider employees finishing project with excellent result receives praise or promotions. Reward here increases the behavior.Behavior can also be reducing for example, a student to be told to lose recess privileges if they did not finish their homework. This leads to a decrease in disruptive behavior. Memory Memory consist of 2 component which is Short-term memory (STM) and Long-term memory (LTM) Short term memory Short term memory which also known as working memory is the portion of total memory that is currently in use or activated. Rehearsal of information is needed to ensure it is encode in the long-term memory is the information is important for later usage. If information in short term memory is not repeated it will be lost in 30seconds. Example, if we were to see an advertisement regarding fast food delivery , we will not pay much attention to the advertisement but only remember the number for future usage Long term memory Long term memory has essentially unlimited capacity to store information permanently. Stored information is either semantic or visual. Semantic memory deals with encoding and storage of words , while visual deals with storage of images. Memory here is stored permanently and can be use when needed to make a decision. Rehearsing is important to register something in the long-term memory. Example, if we move to a new house and change our phone number, we ourselves probably have to repeat it until we register the number in our memory storage. Learning process consist of 3 element Schemes It stores facts and generalize information such as verbal information, concepts, rules, principles, and problem solving skills. Information that stored here is simply meaningful and helps consumers to make decision. It is well-establish schemata Scripts A special issue in the memory that is also known as procedures we remember for doing things. Scripts involve a series of sequences in doing something. Example, the manufacturing of tea in the BOH tea plantation to where it is distributed so that consumer can purchase it. In general, it is important for firms to have their brand names incorporated into scripts. Example, consumer reflexively can search for BOH tea in the shops rather than unspecified brand of tea Repositioning Repositioning is an attempt to change the consumers perception of their brand; this is because the existing products position is less attractive towards consumer. Example, a product that has great quality but the price is not affordable has low return in profit to the firms, this means they have to change their strategy to lower the price of their products. Repositioning is a very tough process as large sum of money is needed for advertising and promotion of their products. Attitude Attitude is feeling or affection against a stimulus; it is stored in the long-term memory. The 4 function of attitude consist of Utilitarian function, which is use to obtain reward and avoid punishment, Ego-Defensive function is self-protection, knowledge function is simplifies decision such as brand, and value expression which is express identify towards others. Culture The direct definition from textbook about culture is That complex whole which includes knowledge, belief, art, morals, custom, and any other capabilities and habits acquired by man person as a member of society. From this definition, we can learn several important characteristic of culture such as Culture is comprehensive This means that everything must have a connection in order to create culture. Example, bowing and a strong desire to avoid the loss of face are unified in their manifestation of the important of respect. Boundaries of acceptable behavior Everyone must understand their surrounding before taking action. Example, a person cannot be naked while attending class, the least outfit will be shorts and a T-shirt to wearing suits and tie. However, if a person is to wear a suit in the beach, they will definitely be laugh at . So it is very important to know your environment. Cultural characteristics as a continuum. There is a tendency to stereotype cultures as being one way or another (e.g., individualistic rather than collectivistic). Note, however, countries fall on a continuum of cultural traits. Hofstadters research demonstrates a wide range between the most individualistic and collectivistic countries, for example-some fall in the middle. Subculture Identification with core culture Identification with a subculture Mass market behaviors Unique market behavior Core culture values and norms Subculture values and norms Individuals A subculture is a section of a larger culture whose members shares distinguish values and pattern behavior. Social history and current situation of the groups generates the unique values and pattern of behavior which they practices in their subculture. Subculture members exist from the core culture where they share their unique value the most. Figure above shows to which degree an individual behave in manner of unique dependent to the extend which individuals reach out towards that subculture. Segmentation, Targeting and Positioning http://www.consumerpsychologist.com/images/cb/STP.png Segmentation, targeting, and positioning comprise is a three stage process, this process will helps us in Determine which kind of customer exist Which customer

Art and How It Effects the Geographical

In today’s world the question of what is art is one that most people would have mixed responses and views on. This may be due to the rise of technology, specifically the dependence of the internet on people’s everyday lives. The idea of Art seems to get lost in today’s world and newer generations have distanced themselves from art. There once was such a heavily reliance and dependence on art in people’s everyday lives but with time this has slowly started to fade. In the Merriam-Webster’s Online Dictionary there are sixty eight definitions for ‘Art’. The definition that many people associate with or people with some knowledge about art tend to use from the Merriam-Webster’s Dictionary is that it is something produced as an artistic effort or for decorative purposes. Another definition for art from the same dictionary is the conscious use of skill and creative imagination especially in the production of aesthetic objects. Many people interpret art in many different ways. This is very evident in today’s society with regards to people and relating what they are practicing, believing or doing to a form of art. This may be controversial in some cases which, over time have led to there being many conflicts and wars over such issues relating back to art. Famous pieces of art have been created over time, by famous artists who have shaped the world of art of today. Lobbyist groups, culture groups and other parties have formed over time and have used different forms of art to come together to promote awareness to their group or cause. Political involvement in the Art’s sector is something that over time has become an issue for some people who do not agree with how money is being allocated for the arts. In some cases how the government handles situations in relation to the Arts and funding is questioned sometimes because some people feel like they are not being cared for or assisted. As discussed in the article Lobbying for Arts and Culture by Jason Hall, during the 1970s, arts and culture lobbying became a bigger issue at the federal level. It was during this time that the National Endowments for the Arts and Humanities (NEA and NEH) and The Institute of Museum and Library Services (IMLS) were created. This creation allowed for lobbying to become intensely focused at a federal level. Along with these creations came annual appropriations, which meant that money was now being set aside for funding of the Arts. This was something that at first many people were not aware of was happening, but once people realized the issue became a bigger one for everyone involved. At one point funding was as high as 175 million a year for the Arts in the United States, specifically Washington D. C. The culture wars of the 1980’s and 1990 have brought tension between cultures for reasons relating in back to art. With the creation of these boards, services and relations the wars were able to fade in the late 1990’s as culture and art became more intertwined with people’s everyday lives. Around this time is when the electronic boom happened and advancements in technology exploded around the world. With new creations and inventions increasing the way people interact with each other people were now able to collect information in ways they have never been able to do before. This was something that benefitted most parties involved but also left a window for people to be exposed. With this new technology at many institutions and people’s disposal more political issues were able to be handled in a quicker manor. What many people fail to realize with Art is since many people see it as such a broad topic people can relate to art in many different ways through beliefs, views, practises and talents. This idea has raised questions for future generations because the decline in people participating in some form of art is raising thanks in part to a variety of reasons. The main argument deals with technology and how people today are more interested in electronics as opposed to the Arts. There are still many people today who rely and believe heavily in the Arts. The sad reality is that number is not what it once was bringing up many questions people do not have answers for. An example would be since funding today is so great for the Arts in many cases across Canada and the United States and other parts of the world will the investments now be used and appreciated in the future. The market for art depends on the people involved wither it is paintings, religions, music or any other form of art. Depending on the audience some forms of art are enjoyed by more people with more funding going in the direction of the places or practises that are less popular to the general public but still attract guests and people associated with that form of art. This is what makes art so interesting the fact that the market depends on the people one speaks to and what he or she believes or has strong feelings for. With being so broad more people can relate in one way or another, but it is something that is not happening due to people’s interests elsewhere. This has led to organizations today being created that are either legitimate or scams which is why in some cases people have a hard time trusting certain situations. The idea of tax advantages for certain organizations was mentioned in Halls article leading to these organizations being created over night in some cases to get in on these tax advantages. With these tax advantages that were starting to be given out to certain charity groups, local museums and theatres to name a few advocacy and lobbyist groups began to appear in larger numbers. These groups are created to try and preserve Art and the many great things that it has to offer in such a variety of different ways. Through music, dance or visual displays art allows people to express themselves in ways that they would normally not be able to do. A lot of credit for art being able to survive in today’s world goes to the generous donors and government tax grants and other incentives received due to a lack of interest in some cases. The operating costs for being involved with Art can get pretty high so having generous donations for people, businesses or governments allows these places to continue to operate. The impact of new technologies has changed how the word of art is interpreted for many people. This is done in many ways, with relation to artists and artwork people can now see their work online in most cases and do not need to fly across the world to see a famous painting. Listening to famous orchestras or musicals can now be done online as well taking away from experiences people can only get when they see the art performance first hand. Although in these cases new technologies seem to have hindered certain ideas that art tries to promote it has given people a chance to hear or see things they would not normally see because they are located in other parts of the world. With these new technologies at people’s disposal it gives more people a chance to explore and find out different forms of art. This is because people can take art for what they think it is, explore it with the technologies available and find other people who feel the same way. Regardless of how people feel politics in the end have a big say in how things are run and operated within certain jurisdictions with regards to the Arts. A big issue for politicians and the topic of art is now the security of the general public due to attacks stemming from certain beliefs or practices. Again another problem with politics is actually receiving the funding from the House or the Senate. In most cases a congressmen or senators have to be connected in some way or another to a certain museum or cause to receive a generous donation. Much has changed from the early times that date back to the Greeks with regards to how people saw and interpreted art. The roles it had on everyday life and culture have changed dramatically depending on where one decides to locate. Over time there have been many difficult days, months and years involving art and culture wars with many lives being taken in the end. The federal levels involvement in art is what is keeping it alive, mainly due to money investments and donations from the government, charities or private groups. A great example that was given in Halls article was how Museums generally get about 95–97 percent of their public sector funding from local and state government. Art is still important to many people’s livelihood because they depend on art to express how they feel or provide a living. The most come perception people get when they just hear the word art is associate it with paintings, drawings or something else one would see in a museum. While many people would agree with this the media in today’s world along with the technology at people’s fingertips has managed to almost hide art and make it not as powerful and meaningful as it once was on everyday life around the world. One can see that over time people’s views and desires have begun to steer away from being so involved with art directly. This is something that will ultimately take away from the meaning of great things that have had to deal with art in the past because people will not be informed or aware due to the lack of coverage and dependency on art.

Indigenous Peoples Of Native Americans - 919 Words

â€Å"There does not seem to be one definitive definition of indigenous people, but generally indigenous people are those that have historically belonged to a particular region or country, before its colonization or transformation into a nation state, and may have different—often unique—cultural, linguistic, traditional, and other characteristics to those of the dominant culture of that region or state† (Rights) The land to Native Americans is a very sacred object. To us, as nonnative individuals, we don’t look at the land the same. As agriculturists we have a respect for the land and want to maintain its fertility so it can continue to bless us with crops. While a ski bum may have respect for the mountains and terrain that was given to them to be able to ski and enjoy. Native Americans see the land as a whole. They as people don’t just respect it for certain entities they respect it for everything it has given to them. â€Å"Their ancestral land h as a fundamental importance for their collective physical and cultural survival as peoples. Indigenous peoples hold their own diverse concepts of development, based on their traditional values, visions, needs and priorities.† As nonnative individuals it should be our job to help protect these sacred lands, and restore what damage that has been done to them. But instead, big companies are destroying sacred land all over the United States by mining, drilling for oil, or even building for scientific research. â€Å"Since the late 1800s, the U.S.Show MoreRelatedNative Americans And The New Discovered Land By The Indigenous People And Slaves1886 Words   |  8 Pagesfor people to extract them. They used indigenous people and imported slaves to help the colonizers extract these rich resources. b. 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Similar to the guise of gentrificationRead MoreThe And Mission Of Purposed Bachelor Of Arts Program1397 Words   |  6 Pagesto declare a minor in Indigenous Nations Studies, a specialty field of empha sis during their undergraduate education. The department’s mission at present â€Å"aims to provide the best possible educational experiences for our students through excellence in teaching, research, creative activity and service to the state, tribes and society’s.† What began in 2004 gradually developed into an expansion of educational opportunities, the Native American Studies program and Native American Student and CommunityRead MoreThe Migration Of European Settlers1635 Words   |  7 Pagesworthy of deeper analysis. 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Essay on Investigation of the Yom Kippur War 1973

Investigation of the Yom Kippur War 1973 In this investigation one will find the long term and short term causes of the Yom Kippur war. This was achieved by reading various sources about the war and the events that were prior to the war. Thus for this investigation the research question is called what were the causes of the Yom Kippur war of 1973. By researching about the war one came across various sources some very reliable and some not so dependable thus the evaluation of sources shows how reliable and valuable the investigations two main sources are. From each source of the sources one took the liberty of extracting relevant information about the war thus all the events that were related†¦show more content†¦This was so due to the armistice gave way for Israel to gain 50% more land then what was given to them by the U.N which again the Arabs felt it was unjust (www.mideastweb.org). However, 7 years later on October 29 1956 Israel invades the Sinai region which was Egyptian they did this in retaliation to the Eg yptians closing the Suez Canal to the Israelis. As well as that the Israelis wanted to stop soviet arms being used and reached by the Egyptians. Clearly a long term cause of the 73 war due to it almost triggered another war in the region (History of Israel). On May 1964 the infamous PLO, Palestine liberation organization was founded, whose soul aim was the destroy Israel. Alongside with the creation of this organization a charter was made as well for the organization which stated an immediate liquidation of the state of Israel. This was an organization which would eventually trouble Israel for a long time and still continues today to do so. 3 years later, on May 1967 Nasser, president of Egypt once again closes the Tiran straits to Israeli ships, and ignores UN peace keepers in the region. Again he did this to put pressure and create a military front off between the two nations in hope that the other Arab nations would back him if another warShow MoreRelatedWar Powers Resolution777 Words   |  3 PagesWar Powers Resolution What have been the political and legal effects of the passage of the War Powers Resolution in 1973? Table of Contents Part A: The Plan of Investigation 3 Part B: Summary of Evidence 3 Part C: Evaluation of Sources 5 Part D: Analysis 6 Part E: Conclusion 8 Part F: Sources 9 Part A. Plan of Investigation Research Question: What have been the political and legal effects of the passage of the War PowersRead MoreThe Egyptian Syrian Attack Of September 19732206 Words   |  9 PagesAssess the reasons for Israel’s unpreparedness for the Egyptian Syrian attack of October 1973 The Egyptian Syrian attack that took place on Yon Kippur is a hugely significant event in the history of the Arab Israeli conflict. Often referred to as ‘the trauma’, the attack revealed a number of key issues with regards to Israeli defence and intelligence that ultimately resulted in a severe lack of preparation. Israel was unprepared for a plethora of interlinking issues that resulted in a series of fatalRead MorePresident Nixon s The Cold War1438 Words   |  6 PagesPresident Nixon heightened the war, but, it didn t change the movement of force. It was simply expanding the measure of passings, and not finishing anything. There were many funny stories going around about costly plane work that were disgracing, where we d send billions dollar flying machine into North Vietnam,That didn t go over exceptionally well. Our warriors were progressively being murdered by falling into pits, executed, injuring. The whole ordeal didn t create the impression that ourRead MoreThe Middle East Peace Process1849 Words   |  8 Pages This investigation will closely examine and show a detailed evaluation and explanation of the role played by Jimmy Carter in the Middle East peace process and will answer the question: For what reasons and in what ways did President Carter mediate the Camp David Accords and set the precedent for future peace agreement between the Arab World and Israel? The primary sources which will be evaluated are a biography of the life of Carter, which unfolds in an orderly manner the events that led up toRead MoreThe Palestinian And Israel Conflict2619 Words   |  11 Pages In the earlier half of the 20th century, European geopolitics in the wider Middle East region created plenty of instability inclusively. A major contributor that had a huge role in the region was the British Empire. In 1916 during the first World War, the British government told Arab leaders that they would support an establishment of an independent Arab state in the region (including Palestine) if they were to revolt against the Ottoman Empire which was an ally of Germany. Meanwhile, to gain supportRead MoreEnergy Crisis2154 Words   |  9 Pagesmajor industrial nations (Germany, U.S., Canada, etc.) and embargos from other producers 1973 oil crisis Cause: an OPEC oil export embargo by many of the major Arab oil-producing states, in response to western support of Israel during the Yom Kippur War 1979 oil crisis Cause: the Iranian revolution 1990 spike in the price of oil Cause: the Gulf War The 2000–2001 California electricity crisis Cause: failed deregulation, and businessRead MoreIsrael Palestine Conflict, an International Relations Research Paper8749 Words   |  35 PagesSubmitted by: Mitali Agarwal and Pragati K. B Roll no. 924 Roll no. 929 IV semester IV semester BPSc LLB BPSc LLB Submitted to: Prof. Om Prakash National Law University, Jodhpur Abstract After more than 50 years of war, terrorism, peace negotiation and human suffering, Israel and Palestine remain as far from a peaceful settlement as ever. The entire Middle Eastern region remains a cauldron waiting to reach the boiling point, a potent mixture of religious extremismRead More The Nation of Israel Essay4548 Words   |  19 Pagespolitics. In order to begin to understand the nature of Israeli politics it is important to understand the rich history of the Hebrews and also the events surrounding and leading up to the formation of the nation of Israel. We will begin our investigation into the politics of the nation of Israel by reviewing key historical contributions and events pertaining to that nation and its people. The most significant and widespread impact of the Hebrew culture can be seen in its spread of monotheismRead MoreWal-Mar Global Expansion Strategy10037 Words   |  41 Pagesand Turkey) [14]. Especially Carrefour and Promodes are considered to be close to being global companies. Carrefour, for instance, has introduced its hypermarket (big stores with an average area of 250,000 square feet) concept to Spain as early as 1973 [15]. In 1997, ____________________________________________________________ __________ 12 Wal-Mart: Global Expansion Strategy ____________________________________________________________ _________ Carrefour had total sales of USD 28Read MoreFundamentals of Hrm263904 Words   |  1056 PagesIdeas Applicable to Recruitment and Hiring 146 DID YOU KNOW?: Steps for Effective Interviewing 162 ETHICAL ISSUES IN HRM: The Stress Interview 163 The Behavioral Interview 164 Realistic Job Previews 164 Conditional Job Offers 165 Background Investigation 165 Medical/Physical Examination 167 Job Offers 168 The Comprehensive Approach 168 WORKPLACE ISSUES: Avoiding Hiring Mistakes 169 Now It’s Up to the Candidate 169 Selection for Self-Managed Teams Reliability 171 Validity 171 Content Validity 171